Euphorbia polygona is a cactus-like succulent plant in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. E. polygona is native to Eastern Cape, South Africa where it can be found growing in mineral rich soils. The globus stem of this species typically grows singularly at first and starts to branch basally with maturity. E. polygona has a dull green to chalky gray epidermis and persistent peduncles that act as spines which line each of the 12 to 20 ribs. The main stems measure 1 to 5 feet in height and 3 to 4 inches in diameter and are filled with a milky latex irritant sap, similar to other Euphorbia species. This species typically blooms in spring to early summer with at least 1 tiny purple cyathia emerging from each peduncle towards the top of the plant. Euphorbia polygona is grown as an ornamental plant for its small size, drought tolerance, and interesting morphology. The species thrives in full sun to partial shade and in well draining soils. E. polygona receive rain in winter and summer months in their native region and are adapted to receiving water year round. Avoid watering when the plant will be in cold temperatures as it is then prone to rot. USDA plant hardiness zone 9 through 11.
Euphorbia polygona seeds require consistent moisture and humidity to germinate, but the soil should not be soaking wet. Cloning boxes, ziplock bags, and other containers that retain humidity are ideal to store sown pots. Use a well-draining sterilized soil mix. Seeds should be sown directly on top of the potting mixture and lightly covered with a thin layer of sand or potting mix, just enough to cover the seeds. Germinating pots should be kept indoors, out of extreme light and heat. Ideal germination temperatures range from 70°F to 80°F. Germination typically takes 3 to 5 weeks to occur. Even with optimal conditions, germination may be slow and sporadic.
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