Prunus virginiana, commonly called chokecherry, is a perennial deciduous shrub belonging to the rose family, Rosacea. Prunus virginiana is native to much of North America. This species is commonly seen as a shrub that reaches 3 to 10 feet wide and 3 to 15 feet tall. The leaves are dark green, ovate simple, and alternating with a serrated margin. Prunus virginiana blooms in late spring to early summer with small white flowers that are clustered into racemes at the apical tips of the plant. Later in autumn, the leaves fall and fruit ripen on the shrub as small red drupes with one large seed inside each. P. virginiana is grown as a food and ornamental crop. The fruit are commonly used in jellies, jams, and syrups and the plant is commonly planted to restore native wildlife. Water adequately when soil is dry and allow the soil to dry out before watering again. Prunus virginiana is a drought tolerant plant that thrives in well draining soil and full sun, but will tolerate partial shade. USDA plant hardiness zone 2 through 7.
Prunus virginiana seeds should be pretreated with a light scarification from sandpaper or a file which significantly reduces germination time and success, as the seed coat is hard and waterproof. This can be achieved by lightly scratching the surface of the seed being careful to not damage the embryo inside. After scarification, soak the seeds in warm water for 12 to 24 hours prior to planting. Plant the seeds ½ to 1 inch deep in a well draining potting mix. Plant the seeds at least ½ inch apart from each other to prevent overcrowding. Keep in high moisture and humidity, but make sure the soil does not stay soaking wet. Sown pots should be kept in bright, indirect sunlight for 12 to 16 hours a day. Ideal germination temperature is between 70°F to 80°F. Germination typically takes 4 to 8 weeks to occur. Even with optimal conditions, germination may be slow and sporadic.
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