Melissa officinalis is a perennial herbaceous flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae. Melissa officinalis is commonly known as lemon balm and is native to Europe, Iran, and central Asia. M. officinalis can grow up to 3 feet tall and has lemon-scented leaves. The leaves are opposite and simple with an ovate shape and rough texture. The plant blooms in summer and has small white flowers full of nectar. Lemon balm is grown as an ornamental crop and attracts pollinators. The herb is also used as a flavoring for ice cream, tea, and toothpaste. Melissa officinalis is best grown in moist, well-draining soil and in full sun to partial shade. Water adequately when the soil is dry. USDA plant hardiness zones 3a to 7a.
Seeds should be planted ¼ inch deep and lightly watered in. Sown seeds require consistent moisture to germinate, but the soil should not remain soaking wet. Ideal germination temperatures range from 70°F to 85°F. Germination typically takes 2 to 3 weeks to occur. Even with optimal conditions, germination may be slow and sporadic.
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