Illicium verum, commonly known as star anise, is an evergreen shrub that belongs to the Schisandraceae family. It is native to southern China and northern Vietnam, thriving in the warm, humid climate. Illicium verum can grow up to 20 feet tall with a spread of about 10 to 16 feet. The tree has smooth gray-brown bark and dense, spreading branches. Its leaves are glossy, elliptical, and dark green, measuring 4 to 6 inches long and have a pleasant fragrance when crushed. In spring to early summer, Illicium verum produces small, pale yellow to greenish-white star-shaped flowers that are no more than an inch in diameter. These flowers give way to the characteristic star-shaped fruit, which is woody, giving this plant its common name. Illicium verum is widely known for its culinary use as a spice, particularly in Asian cuisine, and is also valued for its medicinal properties, being a source of shikimic acid for antiviral drugs. It thrives in full sun to partial shade, preferring well-draining, acidic to neutral soils and regular watering. USDA plant hardiness zones 8 to 10.
Illicium verum seeds require consistent moisture and humidity to germinate, but should not be waterlogged. Cloning boxes, ziplock bags, and other containers that retain humidity are ideal to store sown pots. Seeds should be sown 1/4 inch deep in a well-draining, slightly acidic soil mix. Optimal germination temperatures are between 70-80°F. Germination typically takes 1 to 2 months to occur. Even with optimal conditions, germination may be slow and sporadic.
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