Betula nigra Southern, commonly known as the Southern River Birch, is a fast-growing, deciduous tree native to the southeastern United States. This cultivar of Betula nigra thrives in warmer climates compared to its northern counterparts and is highly valued for its attractive, exfoliating bark that ranges from salmon-pink to reddish-brown in color. Reaching mature heights of 40–70 feet (12–21 meters), it forms a graceful, upright canopy with diamond-shaped, serrated leaves that turn bright yellow in autumn. The Southern River Birch prefers moist, acidic soils and is especially well-suited for streambanks, rain gardens, and other wet environments. It exhibits excellent resistance to birch borer, making it a durable ornamental or shade tree in both urban and rural landscapes. Suitable for USDA Hardiness Zones 4–9.
To germinate Betula nigra seeds, begin by cold stratifying them for 60–90 days. Place the seeds in a moistened medium such as peat or vermiculite, seal them in a plastic bag, and store them in a refrigerator at around 34–41°F (1–5°C). After stratification, sow the seeds on the surface of a well-draining, sterile growing medium, lightly pressing them in without covering, as they require light to germinate. Maintain consistent moisture and provide bright, indirect light at temperatures around 70°F (21°C). Germination typically occurs within 2–4 weeks under optimal conditions. Seedlings should be transplanted when they develop their first true leaves and grown in progressively larger containers until ready for outdoor planting.
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